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| Alexander I Philhellene, King of Macedonia | |
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Individual:
Alexander I of Macedon
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.
Alexander I was ruler of Macedon from 495 BC to 450 BC . He was the son of Amyntas I of Maced on .
According to Herodotus he was unfriendly to Persia , and had the envoys of Darius I kille d when they arrived at the court of his father during the Ionian Revolt . However, he was forced to submit to Persia during the invasion of Greece by Darius' son Xerxes I, and he acted as a representative of the Persian governor Mardonius during peace negotiations after the Persian defeat at the Battle of Salamis in 480 BC . Despite his cooperation with Persia, he frequently gave supplies and advice to the Greeks, and warned them of Mardonius' plans before the Battle of Plataea in 479 BC. Alexander eventually regained Macedonia's independence after the end of the Persian Wars.
Although Macedon was considered a semi-barbaric state by some Greeks (especially those whos e colonies near Macedonia were threatened by Macedonian expansion), Alexander claimed descent from Argosian Greeks and Hercules. After a court of hellanodikai determined his claim to be true, he was permitted to participate in the Olympic Games, an honor reserved only for Greeks. He modeled his court after Athens and was a patron of the poet Pindar .
In 450 he was succeeded by his son Perdiccas II .
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Alexander I, byname ALEXANDER PHILHELLENE, or ALEXANDER THE WEALTHY (d.c. 450 BC), 10th kin g of ancient Macedonia, who succeeded his father, Amyntas I, about 500 BC. More than a decade earlier, Macedonia had become a vassal state of Persia; and in 480 BC Alexander was obliged to accompany Xerxes I in a campaign through Greece, though he secretly aided the Greek allies. With Xerxes' apparent acquiescence, Alexander seized the Greek colony of Pydna and advanced his frontiers eastward to the Strymon, taking in Crestonia and Bisaltia, with the rich silver deposits of Mt.Dysorus. It was probably Alexander who organized the mass of his people as a hoplite army called pezhetairoi ('foot companions'), with rudimentary political rights, to act as a counterweight to the nobility, the cavalry hetairoi ('companions'). His byname, the Philhellene, indicates his efforts to win Greek sympathies. He spread the legend deriving his Argead house from the Temenids of Argos and thus obtained admission to the Olympic Games. From Persian spoil he erected a golden statue at Delphi, and he entertained the poet Pindar at his court. [Encyclopædia Britannica CD '97, ALEXANDER I] -------------------------------------------------------------
Amyntas' successor, Alexander I (reigned before 492-c. 450 BC), advanced his frontiers eastw ard to the Strymon (Struma) River. His byname, 'the Philhellene,' indicates his efforts to win Greek sympathies. He spread the legend deriving his Argead house from the Temenids of Argos and thus obtained admission to the Olympic Games. [Encyclopædia Britannica CD '97, ARGEAD DYNASTY]
Sources:
Title: Encyclopâé¬dia Britannica CD '97 Publication: Encyclopâé¬dia Britannica, Inc., ÃE 1996 Page : ALEXANDER I
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