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Individual:
1 NAME Augustus Caesar of /Rome/
2 SOUR S033320
3 DATA
4 TEXT Date of Import: Jan 17, 2001
1 BIRT
2 PLAC Rome
2 SOUR S033320
3 DATA
4 TEXTDate of Import: Jan 17, 2001
[De La Pole.FTW]
Sources: Blount; Kraentzler 1826; Royal Genealogies; Ancient History by
Charles Alexander Robinson; "On This Date" from S.L. Tribune.
Blount says he was Gaius Octavius and later known as Octavius before
becoming Emperor Augustus of the Roman Empire.
K: Caius Octavius Augustus.
Robinson: Married Livia and had Julia. Chart, page 702.
In This Date: Caesar Augustus, born 23 Sept. 63 B.C. in Rome.
BIOGRAPHY: Gaius Julius Caesar Octavianus Augustus (63 BC to 14 AD) the first Roman
emperor,the son of Gaius Octavius, senator and praetor, and Atia, Julius Caesar's niece. He became Gaius Julius Caesar Octavianus through adoptionby Caesar in his will (44 BC), and later received the name Augustus,meaning sacred or venerable,in recognition of his services and position(27 BC).
BIOGRAPHY: At the time of Caesar's assassination (March 44 BC), Augustus was a student at Apollonia in Illyricum, but returned at once to Italy toclaim his inheritance. Marcus Antonius refused at first to surrenderCaesar's property, but Augustus out-maneuvered him in the campaign ofMutina, gained the consulship, and carried out Caesar's will (43 BC).
BIOGRAPHY: When Antony returned from Gaul with Lepidus, Augustus changed sides and joined them in forming a triumvirate. He obtained Africa,Sardinia and Sicily; Antony, Gaul; and Lepidus, Spain. Their power wassoon made absolute by the massacre of their opponents in Italy, and bythe victory at Philippi over the republicans under Brutus and Cassius (42BC). Difficulties between Augustus and Antony, caused by Antony's wifeFulvia, were removed byher death and Antony's marriage to Octavia, sisterof Augustus.
The Roman world was divided again, Augustus taking the western half and Antony the eastern,while Lepidus had to be content with Africa. Augustusgradually built up his position in Italy and the west, eliminating thetreat of Pompey's son, Sextus, in Sicily, and forcing Lepidus to retirefrom public life (36 BC). He ingratiated himself with the Roman peopleand misrepresented the actions of Antony in theeast. At length, war wasdeclared against Cleopatra, whom had joined in 37 BC,and by the navalvictory in Actium (31 BC) Augustus became the sole ruler of the Romanworld.
Antony and Cleopatra committed suicide; Antony's son by Fulvia, and Caesarion (allegedly the son of Caesar and Cleopatra), were put to death.In 29 BC, after regulating affairs in Egypt, Greece, Syria, and AsiaMinor, Augustus returned to Rome in triumph, and closing the temple inJanus, proclaimed universal peace.
Henceforward, Augustus was in all but name the sole ruler of the Roman empire,
though his rule had to be disguised in republican forms, and the search for an acceptable constitutional formula to clothe his autocracytooknearly a decade and several settlements (27, 23, 19 BC). At home andabroad his declared policy
was one of national revival and restoration of traditional Roman values. He legislated to mould the fabric of Roman society and beautified thecity of Rome; it was his proud boast that he had found the city built ofbrick and left it built of marble. Abroad, he pursued a policy ofcalculatedimperial conquest, and vastly enlarged the territory of theRoman empire in central and northern Europe, though his policy had to bebrought to a halt when disaster struck in his later years, with therevolt of Pannonia (6 AD) and the loss of three entire legions in Germanyunder Varus (9 AD).
BIOGRAPHY: His domestic life was clouded with setbacks and disasters, though he eventually achieved an acceptable succession with his stepsonTiberius, whom he adopted in 4 AD. A statesman of exceptional skill, hebrought about the difficult transition from republic to empire andprovided the Roman wor
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