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| Birth: | 1552 in Hayes Barton, East Budleigh, Devonshire, England 1 |
| Death: | 29 OCT 1618 in London, England 1 |
| Sex: | M |
| Father: | Walter Raleigh b. 1521 in Fardell, England |
| Mother: | Katherine Champernoun b. 1519 in of Modbury, Devonshire, England |
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Burial: 1618 in St. Margaret's Church, Westminster, London, England 2
Title: Sir 1
Milit_Serv: ABT 1570 1
Milit_Serv: JUN 1596 1
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Text:
Lieutenant of Cornwall, Vice admiral of Devon and Cornwall,Member of Parliament. In 1587, two years after he had beenknighted, Raleigh becameCaptain of the Queen's guard. His lastappointment under the crown was asGovernor of Jersey (one of theChannel Islands) in 1600. Between 1584 and 1589 he had tried toestablish a colony near Roanoke Island (in present NorthCarolina), which he named Virginia; but he neverset foot therehimself. In 1595 he led an expedition to what is nowGuyana, inSouth America, sailing up the Orinoco River in the heartofSpain's colonial empire. In 1596 he went with Robert Devereux,earl ofEssex, on an unsuccessful expedition against the Spanishcity of Cádiz,and he was Essex' rear admiral on the Islandsvoyage, in 1597, anexpedition to the Azores. In 1603 he andothers were accused of plotting to dethrone King James I.Raleigh was convicted on the written evidence of Henry Brooke,LordCobham, and, after a last-minute reprieve from the deathsentence, wasconsigned to the Tower. He fought to saveSherborne, which he hadconveyed in trust for his son, but aclerical error invalidated the deed.In 1616 he was released butnot pardoned. In 1595. With the King's permission, he financedand led a second expedition to Guyana, promising to open a goldmine without offendingSpain. A severe fever prevented hisleading his men upriver. Hislieutenant, Lawrence Kemys, burned aSpanish settlement but found nogold. Raleigh's son Walter diedin the action. King James invoked thesuspended sentence of 1603,and in 1618, after writing a spirited defenseof his acts,Raleigh was executed. At his execution in 1618 he asked to seethe axe and said "This is a sharp Medicine, but it is aPhysician for all Diseases." As was common at the time, his headwas embalmed and presented to his wife. She apparently carriedit with her at all times until she died 29years later at the ageof 82. The head was finally buried with their son (Carew - likeSir Walter, a one-time Governor of Jersey) alongside the body ofSir Walter to theSouth side of the alter at St. Margaret'sChurch. This is just next toWestminster Abbey. It was founded inthe 12th century and is the parishchurch of the House ofParliament. He was also a renowned poet. Sir Walter Raleighwas bornat Hayes Barton, Devon in 1552. He was half brother toSir Humphrey andSir John Gilbert, from his mother's firstmarriage. He was a favourite ofQueen Elizabeth I, although thereis little to confirm the famous storyof how he spread his cloakacross a puddle so that the Queen could walkover it, except forthe cloak included in his coat of arms. Raleigh never actuallyset foot in North America, he just organised and helped financethe expeditions. The Queen refused to permit him to riskhis lifeby going expeditions. One of his employees brought back thefirstpotato to the British Isles which was first planted onRaleigh'sIrish estate at Youghall. Raleigh made smokingfashionable, but it wasSir John Hawkins (or possibly ThomasHariot, according to one account)who introduced tobacco toEngland. The Treasury was very short of money to finance afleet to fight the Armada, so Raleigh arranged for theconstruction of "The Ark Royal",which weighed 800 tons and wascompleted in 1587. Raleigh donated theship in exchange for anI.O.U. of £5,000. In 1588 Sir Richard Grenvilleand Raleigh tookover the joint defense of Devon and Cornwall against theexpectedSpanish Armada. They arranged the construction of a seriesofbeacons along the coasts. These were to be lit when the Armadawas firstsighted. As it happened, land-based soldiers did littlebut watch the seabattles from the coast and guard some Spanishprisoners. The Queen was not happy with Raleigh's love affairwith Bessie Throckmorton, one of her Maids of Honour, so she hadhim thrown in theTower of London.She released him after one ofhis ships brought back ahuge treasure from the Spanish ship"Madre De Dios". Sir Walter andBessie married and retired to hismanor at Sherborne, Dorset, where hebuilt Sherborne Castle in1594. After Queen Elizabeth died in 1603, James I took thethrone, and Raleigh was framed as a member of a plot against thethrone and sentenced to lifeimprisonment. During hisimprisonment in the Bloody Tower he wrote the"History of theWorld" which was first printed in 1614. He was releasedfromprison but was then involved in another expedition againsttheSpanish. The expedition failed and he was re-arrested on thepreviouscharges of conspiracy and sentenced to be beheaded.
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| Sources | | |
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- Title: GenCircles: J.H. Garner Genealogy Database
URL: http://www.familytreelegends.com/trees/labron
- Title: GenCircles: Ancestors & Other Family Members 2004
URL: http://www.familytreelegends.com/trees/justquietly
- Title: GenCircles: pemblejan1
URL: http://www.familytreelegends.com/trees/pemble
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