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Individual:
http://www.thepeerage.com/p7895.htm#i78948He married Charlotte Maria Livingston, daughter of CharlesLivingston, 2nd Earl of Newburgh and Frances Brudenell, on 24June 1724. He died on 8 December 1746 at age 53 at Tower Hill,The City, London, England, beheaded. He gained the title of 5th Earl of Derwentwater, de jure. In1745 he took part in the 1745 Uprising. Children of Charles Radclyffe and Charlotte Maria Livingston: James Bartholomew Radclyffe, 4th Earl of Newburgh+ b. 23 Aug1725, d. 2 Jan 1787 Maj.-Gen. James Clement Radclyffe b. 5 Nov 1727, d. 1788 Mary Radclyffe+ b. 5 Apr 1732, d. 27 Aug 1798 ---------AQC vol. 113 - 2000, pg. 99"Grand Master of the Grand Lodge of France 1736-38. Charlesescaped to France where he received a small pension from hisnephew [John], and did not assume the Earldom until his nephew'sdeath in 1731. Reliant on others for sustenance, he spent theremainder of his life up to 1745 in France as a staunch advocateof the Stuart cause. . . . the last Englishman to be executed inthe Stuart cause."-------------http://46.1911encyclopedia.org/D/DE/DERWENTWATER_EARL_OF.htmOn the death of John Radclyffe in 1731 his uncle CharlesRadcliffe (1693-1746), the only surviving son of the 2nd earl,took the title of earl of Derwentwater. Charles Radclyffe hadshared the fate of his brother, the 3rd earl, at Preston inNovember 1715, and had been condemned to death for high treason;but, more fortunate than James, he had succeeded in escapingfrom prison, and had joined the Stewarts on the Continent. In1724 he married Charlotte Maria [Livingston] (d. 1755), in herown right countess of Newburgh, and after spending some time inRome, he was captured by an English ship in November 1745 whilstproceeding to join Charles, Edward, the young Pretender, inScotland. Condemned to death under his former sentence he wasbeheaded on the 8th of December 1746. His eldest son, James Bartholomew Radcliffe (1725-1786), who hadshared his fathers imprisonment, then claimed the title of earlof Derwentwater, and on his mothers death in 1755 became 3rdearl of Newburgh. His only son and successor, Anthony James Radcliffe (1757-1814),died without issue in 1814, when the title became extinct defacto as well as de jure. Many of the forfeited estates inNorthumberland and Cumberland had been settled upon GreenwichHospital, and in 1749 a sum of 30,000 had been raised upon themfor the benefit of the earl of Newburgh. The present representative of the Radclyffe family is LordPetre, and in 1874 the bodies of the first three earls ofDerwentwater were reburied in the family vault of the Petres atThorndon, Essex. In 1865 a woman appeared in Northumberland who claimed to be agrand-daughter of the 4th earl and, as there were no male heirs,to be countess of Derwentwater and owner of the estates. Shesaid the 4th earl had not died in I73I but had married andsettled in Germany. Her story aroused some interest, and it wasnecessary to eject her by force from Dilston Hall. ----------------See R. Patten, History of the Late Rebellion (London, 1717); W.S. Gibson, Dilston Hall, or Memoirs of James Radcliffe, earl ofDerwentwater (London, 1848-1850); G. E. C(okayne), CompletePeerage (Exeter, 1887-1898); and Dictionary of NationalBiography, vol. xlvii. (London, 1896).http://worldconnect.rootsweb.com/cgi-bin/igm.cgi?op=GET&db=willperf&id=I111251Marriage 1 Meg Snowden b: ABT 1697ChildrenJane Radcliffe b: ABT 1740http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Radcliffe,_titular_5th_Earl_of_DerwentwaterCharles Radcliffe, titular 5th Earl of Derwentwater was born on3 September 1693[1]. He was the youngest son of EdwardRadclyffe, 2nd Earl of Derwentwater and Mary Tudor[2].James Radclyffe, 3rd Earl of Derwentwater was found guilty ofhigh treason for his part in the Jacobite Rising of 1715. Histitle was forfeited and he was beheaded.Charles also fought in The Fifteen. He was taken prisoner at theBattle of Preston, and convicted of high treason, but escapedabroad from Newgate Prison in December 1716. He spent the restof his life on the European continent, marrying the wealthyCharlotte Maria Livingstone, Countess of Newburgh, in Brusselsin 1724. On the death of his nephew John Radcliffe he assumedthe title Earl of Derwentwater.He traveled to Rome and was an active participant in the Courtof the Jacobite claimant James Francis Edward Stuart. In 1745 hesailed to join James's son Charles Edward Stuart in JacobiteRising of 1745.Along with many other exiled Jacobites in the French army enroute to Scotland in late 1745 and early 1746 Charles Radcliffe,a captain in Dillon's regiment, was captured. He was condemnedunder his former sentence, and beheaded on Tower Hill on 8December 1746.He was fictionally mentioned as a grand-master of the priory ofSion by author Dan Brown in his book The Da Vinci Code (chapter79).http://www.northumbrianjacobites.org.uk/biogs/charlesr.htmThe youngest brother of the Earl of Derwentwater, CharlesRadcliffe was a wild-philandering character in his youth, andwas said to have fathered a number of illegitimate children. Hewas a particularly ardent Jacobite and took an active part inthe Rising of 1715. Although only twenty-two years old at thetime, he was given the command of the Earl's troops, andafterwards praised for his strong leadership and courage. Afterbeing taken prisoner at Preston, he was convicted of hightreason, but escaped from Newgate in December 1716. He spent therest of his life on the Continent, marrying the wealthyCharlotte Maria Livingstone, the Countess of Newburgh, inBrussels in 1724. He remained at the centre of Jacobiteintrigue, moving in 1738 with his family to Rome, and becoming awell known figure at the Court of James III. Returning toScotland in November 1745, with the intention of fighting forPrince Charles Edward, he was captured at sea, condemned underhis former sentence, and beheaded on Tower Hill on 8 December1746. Charles Radcliffe is remembered as being one of thebravest and most loyal supporters of the House of Stuart. http://www.exclassics.com/newgate/ng705.htmCHARLES RATCLIFFE,Who assumed the title of Earl of DerwentwaterThis gentleman was one of those who took part in the rebellion,under a commission from the King Of France, and was taken, withmany others, on his passage to Scotland, by the Seahorsefrigate. He was the youngest brother of the Earl ofDerwentwater, who was attainted and executed in the firstrebellion, and his titles and estates consequently forfeited tothe crown. He was, with his brother, taken at Preston; tried,convicted, and, condemned, but several times respited, and wouldprobably have been pardoned, had he not, with thirteen others,made his escape out of a room called the Castle in Newgate,through a small door which had been accidentally left open,leading to the debtors Side, where the turnkey; not knowingthem, let them out of the prison, supposing they, were personswho had come to see their friends.He immediately procured a passage to France; and from thencefollowed the Pretender to Rome, subsisting on such petty pensionas his master could allow him. Returning some short timeafterwards, he married the widow of Lord Newborough, by whom hehad a son. In 1733 he came to England; and resided in Pall Mall,without any molestation, though known to the ministry. [Note:Some years after the quelling of the last rebellion, thePretender came in disguise to view London. This was a natural;but dangerous curiosity, to behold the place where hisgrandfather, King James II. had been on the throne. On theministers being apprised of this circumstance, in haste went toKing George II. with the information; and recommended hisimmediate apprehension. The monarch, with one of his shrewdanswers, for which he was remarkable, replied, "No -- let thepoor man satisfy his curiosity; when done, he will quietly goback to France." The King's observation was verified.]He returned to France, and in 1735 again came to England tosolicit his pardon, but without success, though he appearedpublicly, and visited several families particularly in Essex.Returning again to France, he unfortunately accepted of theFrench king's commission, to act as an officer in the rebellion,and was taken as we have already described.On the 22d of October, 1746, he was brought to the bar of theCourt of King's Bench and was arraigned, but refused to hold uphis hand, or acknowledge any other jurisdiction than that of theKing of France, insisting on a commission he had in his pocketfrom him, and appealing to the Sicilian ambassador, who was thenin court, for the authenticity thereof. On hearing his formerindictment and conviction read; he said, that he was not theCharles Ratcliffe therein named, but that he was the Earl ofDerwentwater, and his counsel informed the court, that such wasthe plea they meant to abide by, and thereupon, issue wasgained.Then the counsel for the prisoner moved to put off his trial,upon his own affidavit (to which he has subscribed himself theCount de Derwentwater,) that two of his material witnesses,naming them, were abroad, without whose testimony he could notsafely go to trial. To which affidavit the counsel for the crownobjected, as not being entitled as in the cause before thecourt; nor the two witnesses sworn to be material, in the issuethen joined between the king and the prisoner; and also, becausethe prisoner had not so much as undertaken to swear for himself,that he was not the person, which, as it was a fact entirely inhis own knowledge, ought to be required of him, if he wouldentitle himself to this favour from the court; this being aproceeding very different from the trial upon a not guilty, inan original prosecution on a charge of high treason or othercrime, the identity of the person being the single fact to beinquired of, and a case in which the crown had a right by law toproceed instanter. Upon this the prisoner amended his affidavitas to the witnesses, but refused to supply it so far as to swearhe was not the same person. And the court said, this was a newprecedent, there being no instance of any application to put offthe trial of a question of this sort before; and that this waslike an inquest of office, in order to inform the conscience ofthe court, and what the public had a right to proceed ininstanter. And therefore that the prisoner ought to give allreasonable satisfaction to induce them to grant such a favour asthe prisoner desired, for they could not in conscience andjustice to the public indulge him, without a reasonablesatisfaction that his plea was true. But the prisoner stillrefusing to swear to the truth of his plea, the jury werecalled, and after two or three of the panel had been sworn, Mr.Ratcliffe challenged the next that was called, as of right,without assigning any reason; but upon debate of the question,how far he had right to challenge, the court said, it had beendetermined, before, in all the latter cases, and particularly inthe case of one Jordan, that the prisoner, in such a case asthis had no peremptory challenge; upon which the rest of thejury were sworn, and after a clear evidence of the identity ofthe person on the part of the crown, the prisoner producing noneon his part, the jury withdrew about ten minutes, and then foundtheir verdict, that he was the same Charles Ratcliffe who wasconvicted of high treason, in the year 1715. Then theattorney-general moved to have execution awarded against theprisoner on his former judgment; to which the prisoner's counselobjected, tendering a plea of pardon by act of parliament, inbar of execution. But the court said, as he had already pleadedsuch a plea as he chose to rely on, and as that was foundagainst him, nothing more remained for them to do at present butto award execution; and if his counsel had any thing to offer inhis behalf, they would have time to do it before the day ofexecution; and ordered a rule to be made for the proper writsfor his execution on the 8th of next month, and remanded theprisoner to the Tower. He was about five feet ten inches high,upwards of fifty, was dressed in scarlet, faced with blackvelvet, and gold buttons, a gold-laced waistcoat, bag wig, andhad hat with a white feather.His design in styling himself Earl of Derwentwater, was, that hemight pass for Francis, his younger brother, who went to Francebefore 1715; but was thought to be dead. He would not call theLord Chief Justice lord, because the title of earl was not givenhim: he refused to hold up his hand at the bar, and being toldthat as a gentleman he ought to comply, and that his own counselwould satisfy him that it was only a form of the court, he said;I know many things, that I will not advise with my counsel upon.On hearing the rule for his execution, he desired time, becausehe and Lord Moreton (in the Bastile at Paris) should take thesame journey at the same time.About eight o' clock on the 8th of December, two troops oflife-guards, and one troop of horse-guards, marched through thecity for Little Tower-hill, where they were joined by abattalion of foot-guards, to attend the execution of CharlesRatcliffe, Esq. About ten o' clock the block, with a cushion,both covered with black, were brought up, and fixed upon thestage; and soon after Mr. Ratcliffe's coffin, covered with blackvelvet, with eight handles, on which with the nails were giltwith gold, but there was no plate, or any inscription upon it.At near eleven the sheriffs, Mr. Alderman Winterbottom, and Mr.Alderman Alsop, with their officers, came to see if the scaffoldwas finished, (the carpenters, &c. who had very short notice;having worked all day on Sunday and the ensuing night,) and ifevery thing was prepared for Mr. Ratcliffe's reception; which,being to their satisfaction, they went to the Tower, anddemanded the body of Mr; Ratcliffe, of General Williamson,deputy governor; upon being surrendered, he was first put into alandau, and carried over the Wharf, at the end of which he wasput into a mourning coach, and conveyed into a small boothjoining to the stairs of the scaffold, lined with black, wherehe spent about half an hour in devotion, and then, preceded bythe sheriffs, the divine, and some gentlemen his friends. Whenhe came upon the scaffold, he took leave of his friends withgreat serenity and calmness of mind, and having spoken a fewwords to the executioner, gave him a purse of ten guineas, puton a damask cap, knelt down to prayers, which lasted aboutseven. minutes, all the spectators on the scaffold kneeling:with him. Prayers being over, he pulled off his clothes, and puthis head to the block, from whence he soon got up, and havingspoke a few words, he knelt down to it, and fixing his head, inabout two minutes gave the signal to the executioner, who atthree blows struck it off, which was received in a scarletcloth, held for that purpose. He was dressed in scarlet, facedwith black velvet, trimmed with gold, a gold-laced waistcoat,and a white feather in his hat. He behaved with the greatestfortitude and coolness of temper, and was no way shocked at theapproach of death.His body was immediately put into the coffin, and carried backin a hearse to the Tower; and the scaffold booth, and all theboards belonging to them, were cleared away in the afternoon. Hebehaved himself very alert until the 4th, when he received aletter from his niece, the Lady Petre, which engaged him toappear in a more serious manner, agreeably to his unhappy fate.His corpse was on the 1lth, carried in a hearse, attended by twomourning coaches, to St. Giles in the fields, and there interredwith the remains of the late Earl of Derwentwater, according tohis desire, with this inscription on his coffin:Carolus Ratcliffe, Comes de Derwentwater, decollatus die 8Decembris, 1746; Ętatis 53 Requiescat in pace.It seems the Derwentwater estate was only confiscated to thecrown for the life of Charles Ratcliffe, Esq.; but by a clausein an act of parliament passed some years since, which says,that the issue of any person attainted of high treason, born andbred in any foreign dominion, and a Roman Catholic, shallforfeit his reversion. Such estate, and the. remainder shall forever be fixed in the crown, his son was absolutely deprived ofany title or interest in the affluent fortune of that ancientfamily, to the amount of more than 200,000l. This unhappy gentleman was the youngest brother of James Earl ofDerwentwater, who was executed in 1716; they were sons of SirFrancis Radcliffe, by the lady Mary Tudor, natural daughter toKing Charles II by Mrs. Mary Davis.He died in the principles in which he had lived, and was sozealous a Papist, that on the absurdities of some things whichare held sacred by the church of Rome being objected to him, hereplied, "That for every tenet of that church, repugnant toreason, in which she requires an implicit belief, he wishedthere were twenty, that he might thereby have a nobleropportunity of exercising and displaying his faith."
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