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Aliases:
Carlos I King Of Spain
Charles I, King Of Spain Holy Roman Emperor
Reign: BET 1519 AND 1558 in The Holy Roman Empire
Reign: BET 1516 AND 1556 in Spain
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Text:
He fought a losing battle to keep his Roman Catholic empire together in
the face of emergent Protestantism and outside pressure.
On the death of his father in 1506, Charles inherited the Burgundian
realm; following the death of Ferdinand in 1516, he became ruler of the
vast Spanish kingdom; and when Maximilian died in 1519, he gained the
duchy of Austria and with his younger brother, Ferdinand, later Emperor
Ferdinand I, succeeded to the duchies of Hungary and Bohemia of the house
of Habsburg. In 1519, Charles, having bribed the electors, was designated
Holy Roman emperor; he was crowned King of Germany in Aix-la-Chapelle (now
Aachen, Germany), on October 23, 1520.
Charles was now by far the most powerful sovereign in Christendom. His
inherited lands far exceeded those of the Frankish emperor Charlemagne.
His territory included the Spanish kingdoms of Aragn and Castile; the
Netherlands; the Italian states of Naples, Sicily, and Sardinia; Spanish
conquests in America and Africa; and the Habsburg lands. He ascended the
imperial throne at a time when Germany was agitated by Martin Luther. In
an unsuccessful attempt to restore tranquillity, a great diet was held in
Worms in 1521, before which Luther made a memorable defense of his
doctrines. At this time rivalry between France and Spain over the Italian
lands and Burgundy led King Francis I of France to take up arms against
Charles, whose attention was drawn away from Germany's internal affairs.
The war between Charles and Francis, in which Charles was allied with
Henry VIII of England and the powerful Charles, duke of Bourbon
(1490-1527), proved disastrous to France. Francis was taken prisoner in
1525, when the French were defeated at Pavia (near Milan, Italy). In
January 1526 he was forced to sign the Treaty of Madrid, relinquishing his
claim to Italy and abandoning Burgundy. Soon after his release the
following year, Francis renewed the struggle, now aided by Henry VIII and
Pope Clement VII, who was anxious to rid Italy of the imperial armies. The
pope was captured at Rome in 1527 and was kept captive for seven months.
The war ended with the signing by Charles and Francis of the Peace of
Cambrai in 1529. Francis again renounced the Italian lands, and Charles
ceded Burgundy to France. In 1530 the pope crowned the victorious monarch
in Bologna as Holy Roman emperor, the last coronation of a German emperor
by the pope.
Charles had been anxious to end the war with the French so that he could
put down the religious revolt in Germany and prevent the Ottoman Turks
from overrunning Europe. The Turks controlled the Balkan Peninsula, and in
1526, the year that Ferdinand I laid claim to the Hungarian throne, Sultan
Suleiman swept over Hungary. Three years later the Turks laid siege to
Vienna. In 1535 the Genoese admiral Andrea Doria, in the service of
Charles, led an expedition to Africa, defeated the Turks at Tunis, and
freed about 20,000 Christian slaves. In 1538 Charles formed an
anti-Turkish alliance with Pope Paul III and the city-state of Venice. The
alliance was unsuccessful, and in 1547 Ferdinand signed a 5-year treaty
with the Turks.
The failure of Charles to repel the Turks resulted in part from his
inability to bring religious peace to his empire, particularly Germany.
The spread of disorder during the Reformation emboldened the German
princes to seek autonomy for their states. The peasants took advantage of
the turmoil in 1524 and revolted. In 1530, shortly after his coronation,
Charles convoked a diet in Augsburg to discuss the religious problem. The
Protestant princes stated their creed in the Augsburg Confession, which
was unacceptable to Charles. Negotiations thereafter failed, and in 1531
the princes formed the Schmalkaldic League. The domestic unrest and the
continued war with the Turks forced the emperor to postpone his
suppression of the Protestants and to grant them some liberties in 1532 in
the Peace of Nuremberg.
In 1536 Charles was again at war with France. The war was terminated by
the Treaty of Nice in 1538, granting Francis most of the Piedmont region
of Italy. The war was resumed in 1542 and ended in 1544 by the Treaty of
Crpy, which largely reaffirmed the earlier Peace of Cambrai. Charles, no
longer fighting the French or Turks, turned his attention to the princes
and the city-states of the Schmalkaldic League. In 1546 the emperor moved
against the southern German principalities, and at Mhlberg, Saxony, on
April 24, 1547, he scored a decisive victory against the Protestants. His
success was temporary; in 1551 Magdeburg, a great stronghold of
Protestantism, fell to Maurice, duke of Saxony (1521-53), but Maurice, who
had previously supported the emperor, suddenly deserted Charles, allying
himself with King Henry II of France. Charles fled before the Protestants.
In 1552, through his brother Ferdinand, he concluded the Peace of Passau,
by which the Lutheran states were allowed the exercise of their religion.
In 1555 the settlement was reaffirmed in the Peace of Augsburg. Meanwhile,
in 1552, Henry II had seized the bishoprics of Toul, Metz, and Verdun, and
an attempt by the emperor to reconquer Metz failed.
Weary of the constant struggles and heavy responsibilities of his
scattered realms, Charles in 1555 resigned the Netherlands and, in 1556,
Spain, to his son Philip II. In 1558 Charles abdicated the imperial crown
in favor of his brother, Ferdinand I, and retired to the monastery of San
Jernimo de Yuste in Estremadura, Spain.
1 RELG N439
1 NOTE He fought a losing battle to keep his Roman Catholic empiretogether in the face of emergent Protestantism and outsidepressure. On the death of his father in 1506, Charles inheritedthe Burgundian realm; following the death of Ferdinand in 1516,he became ruler of the vast Spanish kingdom; and when Maximiliandied in 1519, he gained the duchy of Austria and with hisyounger brother, Ferdinand, later Emperor Ferdinand I, succeededto the duchies of Hungary and Bohemia of the house of Habsburg.In 1519, Charles, having bribed the electors, was designatedHoly Roman emperor; he was crowned King of Germany inAix-la-Chapelle (now Aachen, Germany), on October 23, 1520.Charles was now by far the most powerful sovereign inChristendom. His inherited lands far exceeded those of theFrankish emperor Charlemagne. His territory included the Spanishkingdoms of Aragón and Castile; the Netherlands; the Italianstates of Naples, Sicily, and Sardinia; Spanish conquests inAmerica and Africa; and the Habsburg lands. He ascended theimperial throne at a time when Germany was agitated by MartinLuther. In an unsuccessful attempt to restore tranquillity, agreat diet was held in Worms in 1521, before which Luther made amemorable defense of his doctrines. At this time rivalry betweenFrance and Spain over the Italian lands and Burgundy led KingFrancis I of France to take up arms against Charles, whoseattention was drawn away from Germany's internal affairs. Thewar between Charles and Francis, in which Charles was alliedwith Henry VIII of England and the powerful Charles, duke ofBourbon (1490-1527), proved disastrous to France. Francis wastaken prisoner in 1525, when the French were defeated at Pavia(near Milan, Italy). In January 1526 he was forced to sign theTreaty of Madrid, relinquishing his claim to Italy andabandoning Burgundy. Soon after his release the following year,Francis renewed the struggle, now aided by Henry VIII and PopeClement VII, who was anxious to rid Italy of the imperialarmies. The pope was captured at Rome in 1527 and was keptcaptive for seven months. The war ended with the signing byCharles and Francis of the Peace of Cambrai in 1529. Francisagain renounced the Italian lands, and Charles ceded Burgundy toFrance. In 1530 the pope crowned the victorious monarch inBologna as Holy Roman emperor, the last coronation of a Germanemperor by the pope. Charles had been anxious to end the warwith the French so that he could put down the religious revoltin Germany and prevent the Ottoman Turks from overrunningEurope. The Turks controlled the Balkan Peninsula, and in 1526,the year that Ferdinand I laid claim to the Hungarian throne,Sultan Suleiman swept over Hungary. Three years later the Turkslaid siege to Vienna. In 1535 the Genoese admiral Andrea Doria,in the service of Charles, led an expedition to Africa, defeatedthe Turks at Tunis, and freed about 20,000 Christian slaves. In1538 Charles formed an anti-Turkish alliance with Pope Paul IIIand the city-state of Venice. The alliance was unsuccessful, andin 1547 Ferdinand signed a 5-year treaty with the Turks. Thefailure of Charles to repel the Turks resulted in part from hisinability to bring religious peace to his empire, particularlyGermany. The spread of disorder during the Reformationemboldened the German princes to seek autonomy for their states.The peasants took advantage of the turmoil in 1524 and revolted.In 1530, shortly after his coronation, Charles convoked a dietin Augsburg to discuss the religious problem. The Protestantprinces stated their creed in the Augsburg Confession, which wasunacceptable to Charles. Negotiations thereafter failed, and in1531 the princes formed the Schmalkaldic League. The domesticunrest and the continued war with the Turks forced the emperorto postpone his suppression of the Protestants and to grant themsome liberties in 1532 in the Peace of Nuremberg. In 1536Charles was again at war with France. The war was terminated bythe Treaty of Nice in 1538, granting Francis most of thePiedmont region of Italy. The war was resumed in 1542 and endedin 1544 by the Treaty of Crépy, which largely reaffirmed theearlier Peace of Cambrai. Charles, no longer fighting the Frenchor Turks, turned his attention to the princes and thecity-states of the Schmalkaldic League. In 1546 the emperormoved against the southern German principalities, and atMühlberg, Saxony, on April 24, 1547, he scored a decisivevictory against the Protestants. His success was temporary; in1551 Magdeburg, a great stronghold of Protestantism, fell toMaurice, duke of Saxony (1521-53), but Maurice, who hadpreviously supported the emperor, suddenly deserted Charles,allying himself with King Henry II of France. Charles fledbefore the Protestants. In 1552, through his brother Ferdinand,he concluded the Peace of Passau, by which the Lutheran stateswere allowed the exercise of their religion. In 1555 thesettlement was reaffirmed in the Peace of Augsburg. Meanwhile,in 1552, Henry II had seized the bishoprics of Toul, Metz, andVerdun, and an attempt by the emperor to reconquer Metz failed.Weary of the constant struggles and heavy responsibilities ofhis scattered realms, Charles in 1555 resigned the Netherlandsand, in 1556, Spain, to his son Philip II. In 1558 Charlesabdicated the imperial crown in favor of his brother, FerdinandI, and retired to the monastery of San Jerónimo de Yuste inEstremadura, Spain.
Family Notes on Marriage with Isabella De Portugal Of Portugal:
Text:
!MARRIAGE:Medieval Heritage: The Ancestry of Charles II, King of England, Medieval Heritage: The Ancestry of Charles II, King of England, Neil D. Thompson, F.A.S.G., Col. Charles M. Hansen, U.S.A, TAG (The Genealogist), ca. 1987
!MARRIAGE:Pullen010502.FTW, Pullen010502.FTW
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- Title: Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
- Title: "Castles" Game Manuel by Interplay Productions
- Title: GEDCOM File : Geoffroy.ged
- Title: Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, inNew York
- Title: "The Six Wives of Henry VIII"
Author: Weir, Alison
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Individuals from other files that are believed to be the same person:
 Holy Roman Emperor Charles V, Of Spain Habsburg | of Phoebe Belcher Ancestors |
| Charles Habsburg V | of Current Connections 9 22 02 |
| Charles Habsburg V | of Current Connections 6 28 2002 |
| Charles Habsburg | of My Ancestral Lineage |
| Charles V , Holy Roman Emperor Habsburg | of Ancestors of Marie Stacy Shields |
| Charles or Karl V, Habsburg Emp. HRE, King of Spain & Naples | of June Ferguson to Adam Genealogy |
| Charles De Spain Habsburg V | of Emily Family Tree |
| Charles V Habsburg | of McDonald-Paulson Tree |
| Charles Habsburg | of Robertson |
| Charles Habsburg V | of Ancestors of Jeff Reece |
| Charles V Habsburg | of Kevin Dincher Ancestry |
| Charles Habsburg | of Genealogy of Edward Fairchild |
| Charles Habsburg V , Emperor of the Holy Roman Empire | of Ancestors and Family of Edward Fairchild |
| Charles or Karl V, Habsburg Emp. HRE, King of Spain & Naples | of ferguson |
| Charles V Habsburg, Holy Roman Emperor | of Becker & Zunker family w/ related lines |
| Charles V of Spain Habsburg , Holy Roman Emperor | of AVIZ Family Annex |
| Charles V of Spain Habsburg , Holy Roman Emperor | of HABSBURG Family Annex |
| Charles V Habsburg | of Roots, trees, branches & twigs |
| Charles V Habsburg | of For Untangling the Royals |
| Charles V Habsburg | of merical |
| Charles I Habsburg | of Sweat-Langdon-Russell-Hildreth-Hinchman |
Click the icon to see a SmartMatch in side-by-side windows.
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